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    2 周干完 SCI 写作教程与模板

    带你打通从读文献到写论文的鸿沟!

    2025 年


    SCI 论文各部分写作套路及写作模板(可直接套用)

    1、如何起论文题目?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. 完全不需要惊艳,越干越好,一针见血。

    2. 言简意赅,最短的题目展示出论文最多的信息。

    3. 务必展示本文核心创新点和主要内容。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    (一)机制类

    1. Failure mechanisms of saturated sand under different loading frequencies: Experimental observation and constitutive modelling

    2. Scour mechanism around a pipeline under different current-wave conditions using the CFD-DEM coupling model

    3. Analysis of the effect of breakable particle corners on uplift pile–soil interaction behaviors in calcareous sand

    (二)实验类

    1. Experimental investigation of fracture permeability reduction process by MICP technology with Sporosarcina pasteurii cultured by different mediums

    2. Cyclic axial response and stability of snakeskin-inspired piles in sand

    3. Experimental study and design formula of the uplift performance of screw anchor foundations in silty clays

    (三)新方法/技术/模型类

    1. Integrating machine learning techniques for predicting ground vibration in pile driving activities

    2. A constitutive model for cemented granular materials capturing bond degradation

    3. A new hyper-elastic law for single yield surface constitutive models for clays

    (四)综述类

    1. Advances in reliability and risk analyses of slopes in spatially variable soils: A state-of-the-art review 研究内容:reliability and risk analyses 可靠度与风险分析研究对象:slopes 边坡研究条件: in spatially variable soils 在空间变异土体中

    2. Review of fundamental principles in modelling unsaturated soil behaviour 研究内容:fundamental principles 基本原则应用场景:在非饱和同土模拟中

    3. A review of pile-soil interactions in isolated, thermally-activated piles 研究内容:pile-soil interactions 桩土相互作用应用场景:isolated, thermally-activated piles 在独立的热激活桩中

    三、写作套路及操作步骤

    1. 确定核心创新点:是实验?理论、技术、方法?机制发现?

    2. 根据核心创新点确定题目范式,比如既有试验、又有新方法,如何突出

    3. 把研究对象、核心创新点、论文工作等关键词列出来,之后再通过增删调序等组合成题目。

    四、奉上可以直接用的模板

    (一)机制类 XX mechanisms of XX(研究对象)under XX condition(试验条件)using XX model(研究方法/技术/模型等)

    (二)实验类 Experiment study of XX(研究对象)under XX condition(试验条件) consider XX effects (因素)

    (三)新方法/技术/模型类 A novel XX model/technique/method to evaluate/predict/capture the responses of X(实现的功能)

    (四)综述类 A review of XX(研究对象)in XX (应用场景) A critical review on XX(研究对象) Current trends and future research agend of Development of XX

    2、如何写 Abstract?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. Abstract 写作套路非常固定,不需要任何创新。

    2. Abstract 是全文内容高度归纳概况,放在最后完成最省事(因为你可以直接用文中内容)。

    3. 务必展示本文核心创新点和主要内容。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    1. 凝练型

    2. 详细型

    3. 中间型(合适)

    三、写作套路、操作步骤

    1. 针对研究背景、(研究对象)、研究工具、研究内容、研究结论、研究意义, 分别用一句话概况,对于创新点所在部分,用 1-2 句话展开描述创新点。

    2. 将以上各要素对应的一句话,直接组装形成摘要。

    3. 从头到尾阅读摘要,根据前后逻辑关系调整语句顺序,语句之间增加连接词,如 In this study, But, Thus, Therefore, The results indicate that, It is noted that, Firstly, Then, After that…

    4. 润色调整。

    四、奉上可以直接用的模板

    建议 200 词左右。

    第 1 句:介绍工程背景(直接聚焦较具体的研究背景),点明研究对象。如: The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) is one of the preferred tools to carry out sub-soil investigations. / Monopile foundations are generally used for the offshore wind turbines with water depth less than 30m.

    第 2-3 句:由工程背景引入工程问题,进而引出本文研究内容,强调研究内容对解决该工程问题的重要意义。如: During the service period, monopile foundation are mainly subjected to cyclic lateral loadings. Thus, the cyclic loading behavior is the key problem in the engineering design of monopile. Piles subjected to cyclic axial loading can experience loss of serviceability, which is a common failure mode for offshore foundations.

    第 4-5 句:介绍本文核心工作,可按照研究先后顺序依次介绍。如:In this paper, XX experiment was performed to study XX problem, and XX model was proposed to predict the responses the XX. Using this model, a series of numerical simulations were conducted aiming for XX.

    第 6-7 句:介绍本文工作的主要结论。如:The results indicate that XX. It is noted that the XX. With the increase of load amplitude, XX increases downward significantly. The findings clarify the strengths and weaknesses of these soil models and their accuracy, which allow a better understanding of their capabilities and limitations.

    第 8 句:强调本研究的贡献及意义。如:The proposed XX model is appropriate for the assessment of XX evolution process. (新工具方法) The results provide evidence of the effect that bioinspired surface textures can have on the stability of piles and show the tradeoffs that emerge due to the direction- dependent shaft resistance mobilization.(试验新发现)

    Keywords: 一般五个。

    3、如何写 Introduction?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. Introduction 是扩大版 Abstract。

    2. Introduction 部分是整篇 SCI 中最难写的一部分,没有之一,心理上要有所准备。

    3. Introduction 要实现的目的:1)从研究背景中引出问题并凸显严重性;2) 聚焦问题,点明现有研究不足;3)相比现有研究,突出本文创新性;4)展示本文主要内容和结论。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    (一)机制类

    (二)试验类

    三、写作套路、操作步骤

    写作套路: 三段式(广义),内容分三个部分,每部分不限于一段。各部分具体内容如下:

    第一部分:介绍工程背景。工程大背景,该工程问题的重要性及解决问题的紧迫性。讲问题从大到小,从工程大背景逐渐聚焦在该工程问题的核心控制因素上(即是本文研究内容)。可以结合图片介绍基本概念。

    第二部分:介绍关于本问题别人的研究现状,在肯定别人研究进展与意义的同时,更要突出目前研究的不足(该不足是与本文研究创新点相比的不足,以求突出本文研究内容的创新性)。千万不要按时间记流水账,虽然写起来容易,但是会给审稿专家留下不好印象,认为对该问题缺乏深入认识。一定要以问题为导向进行分类,比如按照研究的方式分类(试验,数值模拟,理论分析)、按照研究问题的几个维度分类(问题 1,问题 2,问题 3)。

    第三部分:介绍本文目标、开展的工作和主要结论(比 abstract 要详细,可以存在一定程度重复)。

    四、直接可以用的模版

    第一段:写作逻辑为介绍工程大背景→小背景→具体工程问题及其重要意义

    (本文创新点)。写法如下: 转折关键词和可用例句已标注。

    第二段:按照问题分类依次介绍别人的研究现状,点明研究不足。 其他可套用句式:There have been many studies so far about the XX problem. XX [1], XX et al. [2] and XX[15] proposed and developed XX method. The method provides a good evaluation tool for XX, but it is too simplified to consider the effects of XX, XX and XX. 至少应该有 80%的引用文献是在近五年发表的。 若是多个问题,可将“第二段”拆写成多段,每段讨论一个问题。

    第三段:介绍本文目标、工作和主要结论(比 abstract 要详细,可以存在一定程度重复)。 其他可套用句式:This paper aims to solve XX problem. In this paper, XX experiments were performed firstly, and it is found that XX. Then, XX numerical model was established, which can consider the effects of XX. Later, a series of numerical studies based on XX are performed to investigate XX. It is pointed out that the XX.

    4、如何写试验介绍(数值模型介绍)?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. 写作难度属于整篇论文中最小,建议最先写本部分。

    2. 不需要搞创新,直接套用模版、看图说话。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    (一)简单型(试验不作为重点内容或仅作为部分内容)

    (二)详细型(论文围绕试验展开)

    三、写作套路、操作步骤

    1. 介绍试验的基本情况,包括试验材料、试验仪器、试验场景布置等信息。 试验材料等参数可用表格展示,场景布置可用示意图或现场照片展示。

    2. 介绍试验设计和试验操作步骤。包括试验目的,研究方法。给出开展试验的组数、研究变量,可用表格展示。

    四、直接可以用的模版

    Description of experiment

    1. Experiment materials Three type materials are adopted in this paper, i.e. Fujian sand, Nanjing sand and calcareous sand. The particle size distri-bution curves of the three type particles used in the test are shown in Fig. 1. Parameter 1 is X, Parameter 2 is X… More detail properties of the three kinds of particles in the tests are shown in Table. 1.

    2. Experiment apparatus A direct shear device with the dimension of 100 × 100 × 33 mm was used to conduct direct shear tests, see Fig. 2. The direct shear box was modified to evaluate the interface friction angles between sand and different surfaces. Accordingly, the lower half of the shear box was filled with a granite stone.

    3. Experiment design and procedures Table.1 shows the summary of all the tests, there contains a total of 10 tests. The tests No.1–6 are aiming to investigate the effects of XX on the behavior of XX. The tests No.7–10 are performed as a contrast with X condition. The experimental procedure is outlined in Fig.3. The soil was compacted layer by layer to achieve the desired density. Each layer had a depth of 100 mm and was compacted using a rigid plate. After compacting the soil to a depth of 30 cm, the model pile was placed in the center of the tank. Then, the loading system is employed to create the necessary pulling force to the pile. 注意:对于数值模拟类论文,数值模型部分的介绍与上述试验介绍大同小异, 可直接参考上文。主要区别在于:

    4. 数值模拟最为重要,也是审稿人最为关注的问题就是模型参数的标定过程, 参数有哪些?是如何确定的?具不具有信服力?参数是模型的基础,务必重视, 并讲清楚。

    5. 另一个非常重要的部分就是数值模型验证,只有证明数值模型是正确的, 后续的数值研究才有意义。一般可通过试验、现场监测数据、理论计算值、甚至他人的数值模拟结果进行验证。

    5、如何写研究结果分析?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. 先根据试验数据画图,再“看图说话”,用套路句式把图中内容描述清楚。

    2. 不仅仅要描述现象(会被批像试验报告),要尽量往物理机制、内在机理、 计算方法上靠。只要展示了这些内容,那你就是有创新!重要的不是你分析得对不对、有没有用,而是有这部分内容!

    3. 对于试验类论文:讨论试验结果,总结试验规律,解释试验现象背后机制、 机理。可与已有试验结果对比分析,讨论差异以及原因。甚至可以凝练出指导工程实践的公式,提升论文创新性。

    4. 对于数值模拟类论文:计算结果一般都非常多,可筛选几个具有代表性的物理量进行深入分析,分析不同因素影响下这些物理量的变化规律及内在物理机制;分析研究对象破坏过程及原因;基于大量的数值计算结果,构建可用于工程设计分析的数据库,为构建评估方法奠定基础。更重要的是,通过数值计算研究, 得出对工程实践具有指导意义的结论或评价方法。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    (一)试验类论文

    (二)数值模拟类论文

    1. 数值模型验证

    2. 数值模拟结果

    三、写作套路、操作步骤

    1. 说明图片主要内容

    2. 描述图片内容演化趋势

    3. 阐述现象背后的原因,尽量从物理机制层面进行解释

    4. 如果现象或机理解释不够足够有理有据,可以用他人文献支撑。

    5. 适当表明研究内容的作用及意义

    四、直接可以用的模版

    第一句,介绍主要内容:Fig. 1 shows the results of X, which highlight the displacement required to the peak capacity for each pile type.

    第二句,介绍图片具体内容:It is found that the X develops obviously and tend to be stable with the increase of X. / The thickness of A is evidently larger than that of B under same condition, which is mainly because the X. These differences reflect the interactions between X and X. This phenomenon is supported by the work of XX [1].

    第三句,阐述物理机制:The results suggesting that saturated Fujian sand is more susceptible to liquefaction as Dr decreases. This susceptibility can be attributed to two primary factors. First, the proportion of void or pore water in the sand with lower Dr is higher, leading to increased migration and retention of water and facilitating the accumulation of excess pore water pressure. Second, the looser structure of low-density sand reduces particle-to-particle friction, enhancing particle mobility.

    第四句,表明研究贡献及意义:This discovery enhances our comprehension of soil liquefaction mechanisms and provides crucial reference for assessing liquefaction risk under specific loading conditions.

    6、如何写 Conclusion?

    一、基本原则与核心要求

    1. 写结论遵守宁缺毋滥的原则,仅需凝练论文的最核心创新点,避免没有意义的结论,千万不要出现大路边上的废话结论。

    2. 针对特定工况下的结论,尽量少提或不提,因为这些结论没有工程普适应, 容易被审稿人攻击。

    二、一区 top 期刊写作套路

    (一)数值模型类

    (二)试验类

    三、写作套路、操作步骤

    采用总分模式,即先写一段“帽子”,再列 3-5 个核心结论。“帽子”还是总结本文主要工作,可借鉴、甚至复制 abstract 和 introduction 中相关表述。核心结论分条展示。

    四、直接可以用的模版

    1. “帽子”总结全文工作:In this study, a series of XX tests at different loading frequencies were conducted on XX. In light of experimental observations, a plasticity model for saturated sands was extended from the multiple yield surface model. Systematic comparisons between model simulations and experimental results demonstrate the ability of the extended model to simulate the cyclic liquefaction characteristics of saturated sands. The main conclusions are summarised as follows:

    2. 逐条列出“干货”结论:

    3. The failure mode of X is revealed though X experiment/simulation. The mechanism can be explained as follows: XX.

    4. A novel X model for X has been developed from the traditional X model to account for the effect of loading frequency on the liquefaction response. The model employed a new X rule and considered the effect of loading frequency.

    5. The simulation capability of the novel model was verified though XX test data. Comparisons between the model response and experimental results indicated its excellent performance for predicting XX responses under different loading frequency conditions.

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